伞衣优化设计对群伞系统气动特性的影响分析

随着载人航天、深空探测等航天任务的蓬勃发展,航天器回收载荷质量大幅提高,以单具降落伞为功能核心的传统减速系统已不能满足大质量回收载荷日益提高的迫切要求,发展群伞减速着陆系统是实现大载重航天器高效减速和无损着陆要求的发展方向。本文采用数值模拟手段对群伞系统的气动特性开展仿真研究,结合环帆伞构型优化设计,分析了多种构型下群伞系统的气动特性。通过对仿真结果进行流场分析和数据对比发现,开窗/开缝设计既能够确保群伞系统具有良好的阻力特性,又能够维持群伞系统的工作稳定性,避免单伞之间由于受力而发生碰撞现象。采用数值仿真手段不仅可以提高降落伞研制效率,降低研发成本,也为设计人员掌握群伞系统的工作原理、促进降落伞设计理论发展提供了有力保证。     

基于作业记账日志的并行作业特征分析工具 JobCAT

并行作业特征分析是负载分析的重要基础。作业记账日志是开展作业特征分析的重要数据源。由于作业记账日志中没有记录应用名称,现有工具无法按应用名称开展作业特征分析。提出基于关键字模糊匹配的作业记账日志标记方法,设计通用的作业数据模型和柔性可扩展软件架构,集成实现并行作业特征分析工具JobCAT。通过某超级计算机系统百万量级作业记账日志数据测试验证,JobCAT的作业记账日志标记率大于95%。JobCAT支持7个插件、29项统计报表,可一键生成应用的作业特征分析报告,对负载分析研究具有实用价值。     

基于兰切斯特方程的网络中心战模型

为了更全面、客观地评价信息优势和决策优势对网络中心战进程的影响,在分析经典兰切斯特方程的基础上,引入信息?决策概率,提出了基于兰切斯特方程的网络中心战模型,仿真实验表明该模型能够有效地描述信息?决策概率在网络中心战进程中发挥的作用,为研究分析网络中心作战过程提供了理论参考。     

军事新闻标题中的词汇运用特点刍议——以《解放军报》为例

军事新闻的报道对象与普通新闻相比有着很大的不同,其报道对象为与军事相关的事件,这类事件具有很强的专业性和特殊的敏感性。在军事新闻传播过程中,新闻标题起着关键作用。为了准确地反映和提示新闻的内容,吸引读者阅读,军事新闻标题中的词汇运用必然呈现出与普通新闻不同的特点。以中央军委机关报——《解放军报》为例,分析归纳军事新闻标题中的词汇运用特点有四个方面：大量使用军事术语,恰当使用略语,准确使用数字和谨慎使用新词、流行语。     

A novel gradient approach for optimal design and sensitivity analysis of EWMA control charts

Conventional control charts are often designed to optimize out‐of‐control average run length (ARL), while constraining in‐control ARL to a desired value. The widely employed grid search approach in statistical process control (SPC) is time‐consuming with unsatisfactory accuracy. Although the simulation‐based ARL gradient estimators proposed by Fu and Hu [Manag Sci 45 (1999), 395–413] can alleviate this issue, it still requires a large number of simulation runs to significantly reduce the variance of gradient estimators. This article proposes a novel ARL gradient estimation approach based on integral equation for efficient analysis and design of control charts. Although this article compares with the results of Fu and Hu [Manag Sci 45 (1999), 395–413] based on the exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) control chart, the proposed approach has wide applicability as it can generally fit into any control chart with Markovian property under any distributions. It is shown that the proposed method is able to provide a fast, accurate, and easy‐to‐implement algorithm for the design and analysis of EWMA charts, as compared to the simulation‐based gradient estimation method. Moreover, the proposed gradient estimation method facilitates the computation of high‐order derivatives that are valuable in sensitivity analysis. The code is written in Matlab, which is available on request. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 61: 223–237, 2014     

Stochastic framework for partially degradation systems with continuous component degradation‐rate‐interactions

Many conventional models that characterize the reliability of multicomponent systems are developed on the premise that for a given system, the failures of its components are independent. Although this facilitates mathematical tractability, it may constitute a significant departure from what really takes place. In many real‐world applications, system components exhibit various degrees of interdependencies, which present significant challenges in predicting degradation performance and the remaining lifetimes of the individual components as well as the system at large. We focus on modeling the performance of interdependent components of networked systems that exhibit interactive degradation processes. Specifically, we focus on how the performance level of one component affects the degradation rates of other dependent components. This is achieved by using stochastic models to characterize how degradation‐based sensor signals associated with the components evolve over time. We consider “Continuous‐Type” component interactions that occur continuously over time. This type of degradation interaction exists in many applications, in which interdependencies occur on a continuum. We use a system of stochastic differential equations to capture such “Continuous‐Type” interaction. In addition, we utilize a Bayesian approach to update the proposed model using real‐time sensor signals observed in the field and provide more accurate estimation of component residual lifetimes. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 61: 286–303, 2014     

空时频方位关联算法

针对跳频组网通信中不同信号间的时频分隔特点,利用时频重心进行目标方位数据关联,提出了空时频方位关联算法。根据提取的时频特征设计空时频测向的核函数,实现了简化的空时频测向算法。根据时频距离设计代价函数,基于匈牙利算法实现了方位关联结果的最优化二维分配。根据时频距离选择窗函数的类型和长度,有效避免了信号旁瓣泄露对测向精度的影响,显著提高了密集目标条件下的关联正确概率。数值仿真验证了上述观点。     

基于云理论的装备技术状态预测

通过分析装备技术状态变化的模糊性和不确定性等特性,提出了基于云理论的装备技术状态预测模型.根据装备技术状态劣化趋势,给出了基于云模型的时间序列状态预测方法,有效地运用了装备状态评估中的主观预测知识.将历史趋势与当前趋势相结合,实现了基于时间序列的状态预测.最后以某装备的发动机为研究对象,对发动机状态的动态评估值进行了预测,验证了该状态预测方法的有效性.     

龙珍高级中学创建特色学校的探索与实践

创办特色学校是学生发展的需要,是学校生存与发展的需要,是学校个性化发展的需要。在由"学校特色"到"特色学校"这个复杂而曲折的发展过程中,理念创新是前提,坚持"普惠性"原则、着眼于学生群体素质的整体优化是本质,科学分析内外环境选定优势特色项目是关键,长期坚持注重量的积累是基础。龙珍高级中学顺应教育发展的需要,科学定位学校发展特色,遵循特色学校创建规律,全体师生广泛参与,积极探索和实践,使特色学校创建工作初见成效。     

高超声速横向喷流的三维数值模拟

采用有限体积法,结合半隐的Harten TVD格式和Baldwin Lomax代数湍流模型,求解了三维全N S方程,计算了超声速气流干扰流场,并与实验数据进行了比较,模拟清晰地捕捉到喷流附近复杂波系结构和旋涡结构,并且显示出了弹体表面受到喷流影响的区域,说明横向喷流干扰对弹体影响非常大。